ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Antibodies with haemolytic properties are common within the ABO system. These lytic antibodies are immunoglobulin G (IgG) and in high titres cause haemolysis during blood transfusion. Information on Immunoglobulin types and concentration of ABO haemolysins in Indian population is lacking. The present study was undertaken to know the usefulness of haemolysin test for characterization of immunoglobulin class of ABO antibodies. METHODS: Serum samples from 187 O group blood donors were screened for A and B haemolysins. Thirty five samples were treated with dithiothretiol (DTT) for characterization of Ig class. Antibody titre was compared with grade of haemolysis. RESULTS: Of the 51 strongly haemolytic serum samples, 32 (62.8%) had IgG titres of > or = 64 after treatment with DTT. There was significant association (P<0.05) between grade of haemolysin and anti B IgG titre. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Haemolysin test was found to be a useful screening test to identify group O donors with high levels of IgG anti A and/or anti B for blood transfusion purposes.
Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System , Hemolysin Proteins/chemistry , Hemolysis , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/chemistry , Immunoglobulin M/chemistry , India , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
Auto antiA1 and anti H was found in the serum of a patient admitted in this hospital for intracardiac repair of Ventricular Septal defect (VSD). Blood was grouped as A1 positive with discrepant cell and serum grouping due to auto anti A1 and anti H. No blood units were compatible for the patient. 17 A1, 3 A2 and 8 O group blood units were crossmatched and found incompatible at 37 degrees C and A2 and O at 25 degrees C--as the patient required surgery at hypothermia. Surgery was postponed. Antibody status was reviewed after 4 months. The thermal amplitude of auto anti H had changed by then but there was no change in auto anti A1. Surgery was done using A2 group blood.
Subject(s)
ABO Blood-Group System/immunology , Adolescent , Autoantibodies/blood , Blood Grouping and Crossmatching , Female , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/immunology , Humans , TemperatureABSTRACT
Serious incompatibility was noted in a patient diagnosed as acute Guillain Barre syndrome treated with intravenous immunoglobulin. Patient had positive direct and indirect antiglobulin test and the auto control was negative. There was no clinical signs of hemolysis. Patient's blood group was O D positive and cross matched several units of ABO compatible D positive and D negative blood. Only one unit was compatible. These findings suggest that the particular intravenous immunoglobulin contained a mixture of saline and immune antibodies having different specificity. As the number of patients getting treated with intravenous immunoglobulin is on the rise more and more compatibility problems should be anticipated and should be borne in mind during serological testing and evaluation.
Subject(s)
Adult , Blood Group Incompatibility/immunology , Humans , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/adverse effects , Male , Plasma Exchange , Polyradiculoneuropathy/therapyABSTRACT
Bombay phenotype is peculiar in that red cells are not agglutinated by antisera A, B or H; while serum contains anti A, B and H. Existence of modifying genes at independent loci with variable expression of ABO genes is postulated. We report here a case of partial suppression where antigens could be detected by elution tests and unlike classical Bombay type, normal amount of appropriate blood group substances were present in saliva. This case of para Bombay phenotype was detected as a result of discrepancy in cell and serum group ng. This highlights the importance of both forward and reverse grouping in ABO testing.